What type of information should a water well log include?

A water well log is a crucial document that provides detailed information about the characteristics and construction of a water well. The correct choice emphasizes the need for comprehensive information, specifically depth, construction materials, and lithology.

Depth refers to the total vertical measurement of the well, which is essential for understanding the water source and aquifer characteristics. Construction materials indicate the types of materials used in the well's casing and lining, which can affect water quality and well integrity. Lithology describes the physical and chemical characteristics of the various rock and soil layers encountered during drilling. Each of these components is critical for assessing the well's productivity, safety, and overall effectiveness in providing clean water.

While the other options present valuable information, they do not fully encapsulate the essential elements that must be included in a water well log as comprehensively as the selected answer. For instance, while location and date of installation are important for administrative records, they do not provide insights into the well's structural integrity or the geological context. Likewise, water quality test results and maintenance history, as well as surrounding land use and irrigation methods, are important but are typically documented separately rather than within the well log itself.